WebSocket实现HTML+SpringBoot聊天功能,小程序+SpringBoot聊天功能
时间:2024-04-20 13:20:50 来源:网络cs 作者:利杜鹃 栏目:卖家故事 阅读:
目录
一、认识WebSocket
二、HTML实现聊天
三、微信小程序实现聊天
一、认识WebSocket
1.首先博主在初学Java时自我感觉走了很多弯路,因为以前见识短,在接触聊天功能时根本就没能想到有WebSocket这个聊天框架,就只能用底层的UDP或TCP实现聊天功能,及其繁琐。
1.在入门Java后的朋友学到网络编程会知道UDP和TCP两个知识点,没错WebSocket是一种在单个TCP连接上进行全双工通信的协议。基于TCP协议的一个框架,TCP知识点比较多,具体咱们就不多说了,直接实践怎么使用吧。
二、HTML实现聊天
首先我先贴出完整代码,然后解释
1.html代码,这里我就不单独写js文件了(这个html实现的是一对一聊天,还有一对多,多对多群聊)
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.4.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/sockjs/1.1.4/sockjs.min.js"></script><script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/stomp.js/2.3.3/stomp.min.js"></script><script> var stompClient = null; function connect() {var content = $("#message").val(); var sender = 'tbb'; var socket = new SockJS('http://127.0.0.1:8080/chat'); stompClient = Stomp.over(socket); stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) { console.log('Connected: ' + frame); stompClient.subscribe('/user/tbb/message', function (message) { showMessage(JSON.parse(message.body)); }); }); } function disconnect() { if (stompClient !== null) { stompClient.disconnect(); } console.log("Disconnected"); } function sendMessage() { var content = $("#message").val(); var sender = $("#sender").val(); stompClient.send("/app/chat/send/to/user", {}, JSON.stringify({ content: content, sender: sender, unionId: sender, })); } function showMessage(message) { $("#chat").append("<div>" + message.sender + ": " + message.content + "</div>"); }</script><div> <input type="text" id="sender" placeholder="Enter your name"> <input type="text" id="message" placeholder="Type a message..."> <button onclick="sendMessage()">Send</button> <button onclick="connect()">Connect</button> <button onclick="disconnect()">Disconnect</button></div><div id="chat">123</div>
2.SpringBoot完整代码
(1)WebSocketConfig.java配置文件(关键文件)
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;@Configuration@EnableWebSocketMessageBrokerpublic class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer { @Override public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) { config.enableSimpleBroker("/user","/agent","/topic"); // 定义消息代理,客户端订阅的地址前缀 config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app"); // 定义客户端发送消息的地址前缀 config.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user"); } @Override public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) { registry.addEndpoint("/chat").setAllowedOriginPatterns("*").withSockJS(); // 定义WebSocket端点,客户端连接的地址 }}
(2)ChatController.java控制层
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.controller;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.entry.ChatMessage;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.annotation.SendToUser;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;@Slf4j@Controllerpublic class ChatController { @Autowired private SimpMessagingTemplate simpMessagingTemplate; /** * 发消息(群发) * @param chatMessage 获取用户消息 * @return 返回要回复的消息 */ //第一种方式 @MessageMapping("/chat/send") // 定义消息映射路径 @SendTo("/agent/public") // 发送消息到指定的代理路径 public ChatMessage sendMessage(ChatMessage chatMessage) { log.info(chatMessage.toString()); return chatMessage; } //方法二// @MessageMapping("/agent/send")// public void getAgentInfo (@Payload ChatMessage chatMessage) {// System.out.println("发送群发消息");// // 使用api进行推送// simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend("/agent/public2", chatMessage);// } /** * 发送给自己? * @param chatMessage * @return */ @MessageMapping("/agent/send/user")// 这里的路径必须还是以广播的前缀为前缀,否则无法接收 @SendToUser("/agent/info") public ChatMessage sendUserMessage(ChatMessage chatMessage) { log.info(chatMessage.toString()); return chatMessage; } /** * 发送给指定用户 * @param chatMessage * @return */ @MessageMapping("/chat/send/to/user")// 这里的路径必须还是以广播的前缀为前缀,否则无法接收 public void sendToUserMessage(ChatMessage chatMessage) { log.info("发送给指定用户:"+chatMessage.toString()); simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(chatMessage.getUnionId(),"/message",chatMessage); }}
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.entry;import lombok.Data;@Datapublic class ChatMessage { private String unionId; private String content; private String sender; }
以上就是完整代码
3.接下来我来简单解释一下,因为一对一聊天比其他相对绕一点,所以博主就解释它就好了,且看下面四段被截取的代码
function connect() {var content = $("#message").val();//发送的消息内容 var sender = 'tbb';//接收的人 var socket = new SockJS('http://127.0.0.1:8080/chat');//连接后端socket的地址 stompClient = Stomp.over(socket); stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) { console.log('Connected: ' + frame); //这里我写死了,接收来自tbb这个人的消息,'/user/tbb/message'可以改成'/user/'+sender+'/message' stompClient.subscribe('/user/tbb/message', function (message) { showMessage(JSON.parse(message.body)); }); }); }
上面的代码可以称之为连接服务器并且实时监听tbb给后端发来的消息
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;@Configuration@EnableWebSocketMessageBrokerpublic class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer { @Override public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) { config.enableSimpleBroker("/user","/agent","/topic"); // 定义消息代理,客户端订阅的地址前缀 config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app"); // 定义客户端发送消息的地址前缀 config.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user"); } @Override public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) { registry.addEndpoint("/chat").setAllowedOriginPatterns("*").withSockJS(); // 定义WebSocket端点,客户端连接的地址 }}
上面两段是对应的,在html的http://127.0.0.1:8080/chat中chat对应上面Java代码的chat,必须一致,要不然连不上,/user/tbb/message路由中user对应上面Java代码的user,必须一致,要不然发消息时对方收不到消息(博主以前踩过这个坑),而这个tbb则是接收发消息的人的消息
function sendMessage() { //发消息给对方 var content = $("#message").val(); var sender = $("#sender").val(); stompClient.send("/app/chat/send/to/user", {}, JSON.stringify({ //发消息的后端的路由 content: content,//消息内容 sender: sender,//消息姓名 unionId: sender,//消息id,这里我把消息姓名也作为id })); }
/** * 发送给指定用户 * @param chatMessage * @return */ @MessageMapping("/chat/send/to/user")// 这里的路径必须还是以广播的前缀为前缀,否则无法接收 public void sendToUserMessage(ChatMessage chatMessage) { log.info("发送给指定用户:"+chatMessage.toString()); //chatMessage.getUnionId()是发送给某人的id,/message对应四段中第一段的/user/tbb/message中的messagesimpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(chatMessage.getUnionId(),"/message",chatMessage); }
最后两段是对应的,用于给对方发消息。
三、微信小程序实现聊天
首先,这是博主自己摸索了很久出来的一套小程序聊天体系。
1.聊天数据结构及框架
涉及到了redis缓存,因此需要下载redis的依赖包
聊天数据结构如下(自我感觉存在一定缺陷,懒得改进了):
整体储存结构:
聊天界面结构:{openid1+openid2:{linkType:[info1,info2]}},
如图聊天界面:
聊天列表结构:{linkType:[openid1+openid2,openid3+openid4]}
如图聊天列表:
info的结构:{mid:"",type:"",linkType:"",formUser:fromUser,toUser:toUser,message:"",date:"",nowDate:""}
fromUser和toUser的结构:{openid:"",phone:"",name:"",headImg:""}
openid1和openid2为fromUser和toUser的openid
linkType:属于哪个板块聊天(比如相亲聊天板块或者外卖或商城聊天板块)
type:作用于获取redis缓存的聊天记录和聊天心跳检测(备注:因为获取历史聊天记录和心跳检测是以聊天方式向后端发起请求,因此我用type的聊天要区分是用户发起聊天还是其他请求。由前端自动发动聊天请求,获取历史聊天记录,由前端发起聊天请求检测心跳,检测心跳的目的是为了确保聊天过程不掉线)
date:聊天的时间段(备注:可以设置5分钟显示一个时间段聊天的时间,比如微信隔5分钟后再发一条信息上面会显示时间,这里我设置的date就充当这个角色)
nowDate:每一句话的时间,主要用于计算当前时间是否与上一句聊天记录的时间是否间隔5分钟,如果间隔5分钟那么上面的date记录该时间,如果间隔不到5分钟,则date设置为空。
整体结构上:两个人的openid连接作为获取他们之间所有功能板块历史聊天记录的内容的键(key)。以linkType作为键(key)获取某个功能板块的所有历史聊天记录,这里聊天记录用集合来储存保证了聊天记录顺序。
2.Java SpringBoot代码
(1)MiniWebSocketConfig.java文件
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.mini.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;@Configurationpublic class MiniWebSocketConfig { @Bean public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() { return new ServerEndpointExporter(); }}
(2)MiniWebSocketController.java文件
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.mini.controller;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.redis.tool.SufferVariable;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.tool.Result;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.*;@Slf4j@RestController@RequestMapping("/mini/socket")public class MiniWebSocketController { @Value("${upload.messageChatUrl}") private String messageChatUrl; @Value("${upload.messageChatPath}") private String messageChatPath; private final List<Map<String,Object>> mapList = new ArrayList<>(); @GetMapping("/get/openid/history") private Result getOpenidHistory(@RequestParam("openid") String openid,@RequestParam("linkType") String linkType){// log.info(openid); List<String> openids = (List<String>) SufferVariable.openidKeys.get(linkType);// if (keyMap==null){// return Result.error();// }// List<String> openids = (List<String>) keyMap.get(openid);// log.info("所以openid"+String.valueOf(openids)); if (openids==null){ return Result.error(); } mapList.clear(); for (String openid1: openids) { if (openid1.contains(openid)) {// if (SufferVariable.messageMap.get(openid1)!=null){ mapList.add((Map<String, Object>) SufferVariable.messageMap.get(openid1));// log.info("聊天记录缓存"+openid);// log.info(String.valueOf(SufferVariable.messageMap.get(openid1)));// } } } return Result.success(mapList); }//上传聊天图片 @PostMapping("/img/upload") public Result imgUpDown(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, @RequestParam("filename") String filename) throws IOException { System.out.println(filename); File file1 = new File(messageChatPath,filename); if(!file1.exists()) { if(!file1.mkdirs()){ //创建目录 return Result.error(); } } //获取文件名 String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); //获取文件后缀名。也可以在这里添加判断语句,规定特定格式的图片才能上传,否则拒绝保存。 String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")); //为了避免发生图片替换,这里使用了文件名重新生成 fileName = UUID.randomUUID()+suffixName; file.transferTo(new File(file1,fileName)); return Result.success(messageChatUrl+filename+"/"+fileName); }}
(3)WebSocketEndPoint.java文件
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.mini.mapper;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.redis.mapper.RedisUtils;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.websocket.OnClose;import javax.websocket.OnMessage;import javax.websocket.OnOpen;import javax.websocket.Session;import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;//对外公布的一个后端站点//ws://localhost:8080/websocket/用户id@ServerEndpoint(value = "/websocket/{userId}")@Component@Slf4jpublic class WebSocketEndPoint { //与某个客户端的连接会话,需要他来给客户端发送数据 private Session session; @Autowired private SessionPool sessionPool;// @Autowired// private RedisUtils redisUtils; private static WebSocketEndPoint webSocketEndPoint; //初始化 ② @PostConstruct public void init() { webSocketEndPoint = this; webSocketEndPoint.sessionPool = this.sessionPool; } //连接建立成功调用的方法 @OnOpen public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("userId") String userId) { //把会话加入连接池中 //userId通过用户传入,session是系统自动产生 SessionPool.sessions.put(userId, session); //TODO 可以添加日志操作 } //关闭会话的时候 @OnClose public void onClose(Session session) throws IOException { webSocketEndPoint.sessionPool.close(session.getId()); session.close(); } //接收客户端的消息后调用的方法,在这里可以进行各种业务逻辑的操作 @OnMessage public void onMessage(String message, Session session) { System.out.println(message);// log.info("redisUtils:"+redisUtils); //心跳检测 if (message.equalsIgnoreCase("ping")) { try { Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<>(); params.put("type", "pong"); session.getBasicRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(params)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return; } //将Json字符串转为键值对// HashMap params = JSON.parseObject(message, HashMap.class); JSONObject params = JSON.parseObject(message); webSocketEndPoint.sessionPool.sendMessage(params); //这里的业务逻辑仅仅是把收到的消息返回给前端// SessionPool.sendMessage(message); }}
(4)SessionPool.java文件
package com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.chat.mini.mapper;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.redis.mapper.RedisUtils;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.redis.tool.SufferVariable;import com.example.mengchuangyuan.common.tool.DateYMDms;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import javax.websocket.Session;import java.util.*;import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;@Component@Slf4jpublic class SessionPool { @Autowired private RedisUtils redisUtils; //key-value : userId - 会话(系统创建) public static Map<String, Session> sessions = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();//避免多线程问题 public void close(String sessionId) { //sessionId是在session中添加了一个标识,准确定位某条session for (String userId : SessionPool.sessions.keySet()) { Session session = SessionPool.sessions.get(userId); if (session.getId().equals(sessionId)) { sessions.remove(userId); break; } } } public void sendMessage(String userId, String message) { sessions.get(userId).getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } //消息的群发,业务逻辑的群发 public void sendMessage(String message) {// redisUtils.cacheValue("chatMessage","String.valueOf(SufferVariable.messageMap)"); for (String sessionId : SessionPool.sessions.keySet()) { SessionPool.sessions.get(sessionId).getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } } //点对点的消息推送 public void sendMessage(Map<String, Object> params) { log.info("消息内容:"+String.valueOf(params)); long mid = System.currentTimeMillis(); Map<String,Object> formUser = (Map<String, Object>) params.get("formUser"); Map<String,Object> toUser = (Map<String, Object>) params.get("toUser"); String userId = formUser.get("openid").toString(); String toUserId = toUser.get("openid").toString();// String msg = params.get("message").toString(); String type = params.get("type").toString(); String linkType = params.get("linkType").toString(); //获取用户session Session session = sessions.get(toUserId); Map<String,Object> keyMap; List<String> setOpenid; Map<String,Object> map; List<Object> list; String uid = userId+toUserId; params.put("mid",mid); if (SufferVariable.messageMap.get(userId+toUserId)==null&&SufferVariable.messageMap.get(toUserId+userId)==null){// messageMap.put(userId+toUserId,userId+toUserId); map = new HashMap<>(); list = new ArrayList<>(); map.put(linkType,list); SufferVariable.messageMap.put(uid,map);// list.add(params); }else { if (SufferVariable.messageMap.get(userId+toUserId)!=null){ uid = userId+toUserId; }else { uid = toUserId+userId; } map = (Map<String, Object>) SufferVariable.messageMap.get(uid); list = (List<Object>) map.get(linkType); } //获取历史记录 if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("history")){ if (sessions.get(userId) != null) { Map<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<>();// map = (Map<String, Object>) SufferVariable.messageMap.get(uid); map2.put("type", "isHistory"); map2.put("message",list); sessions.get(userId).getAsyncRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(map2)); } return; } String nowDate = DateYMDms.getUtilDate(); if (list.size()!=0) { Map<String, Object> lastMap = (Map<String, Object>) list.get(list.size() - 1); String date = DateYMDms.getYMDms(5, lastMap.get("nowDate").toString()); params.put("date", date); }else { params.put("date", nowDate); }// if (SufferVariable.openidKeys.get(linkType)==null){// keyMap = new HashMap<>();// }else {// keyMap = (Map<String, Object>) SufferVariable.openidKeys.get(linkType);// }// if (keyMap.get(userId)==null){// setOpenid = new ArrayList<>();// }else {// log.info(String.valueOf(SufferVariable.openidKeys));// setOpenid = (List<String>) keyMap.get(userId);// } if (SufferVariable.openidKeys.get(linkType) == null){ setOpenid = new ArrayList<>(); }else { setOpenid = (List<String>) SufferVariable.openidKeys.get(linkType); } setOpenid.add(uid); Set<String> set = new LinkedHashSet<>(setOpenid); setOpenid.clear(); setOpenid.addAll(set);// keyMap.put(userId,setOpenid); SufferVariable.openidKeys.put(linkType,setOpenid); params.put("nowDate",nowDate); list.add(params); map.put(linkType,list); SufferVariable.messageMap.put(uid,map); redisUtils.cacheValue("chatMessage",SufferVariable.messageMap); redisUtils.cacheValue("chatOpenidKeys",SufferVariable.openidKeys); if (session != null) { log.info(uid+":"+String.valueOf(SufferVariable.messageMap.get(uid))); session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(JSON.toJSONString(params)); }// log.info(String.valueOf(messageMap));// params.remove("formUserId"); //session不为空的情况下进行点对点推送 }}
以上小程序相关代码存在一些缺陷,并且未完整,
需要小程序及SpringBoot完整代码的朋友可以私信博主,
好了本次分享就到此结束。
阅读本书更多章节>>>>本文链接:https://www.kjpai.cn/gushi/2024-04-20/160653.html,文章来源:网络cs,作者:利杜鹃,版权归作者所有,如需转载请注明来源和作者,否则将追究法律责任!
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